在ubuntu上搭建PHP7+Mysql+NGinx

本文记录下在Ubuntu环境下搭建PHP的开发环境，通过搭建PHP7+MySQL+Nginx来打造学习PHP的环境。

安装Nginx

sudo apt-get undate

sudo apt-get install nginx

配置Nginx

打开`/etc/nginx/sites-avaliable/default`文件，修改`root`、`index`、`location`，增加`location ~ php$`部分，重启Nginx：`sudo service nginx restart`。配置文件如下：

server {
    listen 80 default_server;
    listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;
    #root为项目代码所在目录
    #index在中间添加index.php
    root /websites;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;
    # Make site accessible from http://localhost/
    #填写外网IP或者自己已经解析的域名
    server_name http://www.somethingaboutchina.com;
    #更改未被注释一行

    location / {
        # First attempt to serve request as file, then
        # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
        # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location
        # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules
    }
    #添加下面代码
    location ~ \.php$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php =404;
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}

安装PHP7

添加PPA:PPA，表示 Personal Package Archives，也就是个人软件包集

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt-get update

安装PHP7以及所需的一些扩展

sudo apt-get install php7.0-fpm php7.0-cli php7.0-mcrypt php7.0-mysql php7.0-mbstring php7.0-xml

配置PHP7

1. 打开`php.ini`配置文件，找到`cgi.fix_pathinfo`选项，去掉注释，然后将值设置为0 (vim使用“/”进入查找模式)

    `sudo vim /etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini`

2. 启用php7.0-mcrypt

    `sudo phpenmod mcrypt`

3. 重启php7.0-fpm

    `sudo service php7.0-fpm restart`

安装Mysql

sudo apt-get install mysql-server-5.7 mysql-client-5.7

安装Composer

安装Composer：

到[Composer官网](https://getcomposer.org/)下载`composer.phar`

sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

替换Composer源

`composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://packagist.phpcomposer.com`